Am(m)ines Make the Difference: Organoruthenium Am(m)ine Complexes and Their Chemistry in Anticancer Drug Development
- Author(s)
- Maria Babak, Samuel Matthias Meier, Anton Legin, Mahsa Sadat Adib Razavi, Alexander Roller, Michael Jakupec, Bernhard Keppler, Christian G. Hartinger
- Abstract
With the aim of systematically studying fundamental structure-activity relationships as a basis for the development of Ru-II arene complexes (arene=p-cymene or biphenyl) bearing mono-, bi-, or tridentate am(m)ine ligands as anticancer agents, a series of ammine, ethylenediamine, and diethylenetriamine complexes were prepared by different synthetic routes. Especially the synthesis of mono-, di-, and triammine complexes was found to be highly dependent on the reaction conditions, such as stoichiometry, temperature, and time. Hydrolysis and protein-binding studies were performed to determine the reactivity of the compounds, and only those containing chlorido ligands undergo aquation or form protein adducts. These properties correlate well with in vitro tumor-inhibiting potency of the compounds. The complexes were found to be active in anticancer assays when meeting the following criteria: stability in aqueous solution and low rates of hydrolysis and binding to proteins. Therefore, the complexes least reactive to proteins were found to be the most cytotoxic in cancer cells. In general, complexes with biphenyl as arene ligand inhibited the growth of tumor cells more effectively than the cymene analogues, consistent with the increase in lipophilicity. This study highlights the importance of finding a proper balance between reactivity and stability in the development of organometallic anticancer agents.
- Organisation(s)
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- External organisation(s)
- University of Auckland
- Journal
- Chemistry: A European Journal
- Volume
- 19
- Pages
- 4308-4318
- No. of pages
- 11
- ISSN
- 0947-6539
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201202657
- Publication date
- 2013
- Peer reviewed
- Yes
- Austrian Fields of Science 2012
- 301206 Pharmacology, 104003 Inorganic chemistry
- Sustainable Development Goals
- SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
- Portal url
- https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/2f2de45e-8d42-4f9e-b05f-be164f4924eb