Evaluation of Palm Oil as a Suitable Vegetable Oil for Vitamin A Fortification Programs

Author(s)
Marc Pignitter, Natalie Hernler, Mathias Zaunschirm, Julia Kienesberger, Mark Manuel Somoza, Klaus Kraemer, Veronika Somoza
Abstract

Fortification programs are considered to be an effective strategy to mitigate vitamin A deficiency in populations at risk. Fortified vegetable oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids were shown to be prone to oxidation, leading to limited vitamin A stability. Thus, it was hypothesized that fortified oils consisting of mainly saturated fatty acids might enhance the stability of vitamin A. Mildly (peroxide value: 1.0 meq O

2/g) and highly (peroxide value: 7.5 meq O

2/kg) oxidized palm oil was stored, after fortification with 60 International Units/g retinyl palmitate, in 0.5 L transparent polyethylene terephthalate bottles under cold fluorescent lighting (12 h/day) at 32 °C for 57 days. An increase of the peroxide value by 15 meq O

2/kg, which was also reflected by a decrease of α-tocopherol congener by 15%–18%, was determined independent of the initial rancidity. The oxidative deterioration of the highly oxidized palm oil during storage was correlated with a significant 46% decline of the vitamin A content. However, household storage of mildly oxidized palm oil for two months did not induce any losses of vitamin A. Thus, mildly oxidized palm oil may be recommended for vitamin A fortification programs, when other sources of essential fatty acids are available.

Organisation(s)
Department of Physiological Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry
External organisation(s)
Johns Hopkins University, Sight and Life
Journal
Nutrients
Volume
8
No. of pages
13
ISSN
2072-6643
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8060378
Publication date
06-2016
Peer reviewed
Yes
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
303009 Nutritional sciences, 104002 Analytical chemistry, 106031 Plant physiology
Keywords
ASJC Scopus subject areas
Food Science, Nutrition and Dietetics
Portal url
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/en/publications/ed588523-55bb-4c73-99e7-2907a18355fa